Should my child repeat a year at school or not?

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This question usually comes up after parents are informed by their child's teacher that the child is not keeping up with their schoolwork. However, although the indication given is academic, the problem is most often emotional.

If the reason for the child's poor performance is academic, I believe there is no point repeating a year. If there is a real difficulty, time is not the cure! It is better to offer special support to the child during and after school, or in extreme cases, in a special school.

However, if the question regarding repeating is because of emotional difficulty, then repeating a year is always going to help the kid go through their emotional development at a pace that is more suitable for them without the clock ticking "Today, you are 7 years and 124 days old, so from today you need to behave this way".

There is much confusion and disagreement about kids' emotional development. Many parents think that maturity is tightly linked to date of birth, as if the body has a clock that changes status with the birthday party.

Using dates as the criteria to moving from one class to another does not always suit kids' emotional development. A kid whose birthday is in January is no match for one who celebrated their birthday the previous June, although they are in the same class. The amazing thing is that even a child celebrating their birthday in January may not be as emotionally developed as another born on the same day.

The reason kids are distributed between classes based on age is that it is easy for the teacher and the system, but it is not necessarily good for the kids. If kids were distributed based on emotional development, there would be more composite classes with a 3-year spread.

There are points in a child's schooling when it is easier for them to stay back another year than other times. Essentially, the earlier, the easier, so the day care and prep years are the easiest to repeat. This is because kids are not aware yet and are much quicker to adjust to the new situation. The boost in performance will boost their confidence and they will simply do better for the rest of their schooling.

In later years, it is best for a child to repeat a year at another school, allowing them to avoid the failure stigma. If the child's family stays in the same place, such a transition happens naturally only when moving from primary to high school.

The third option is to put the child in composite classes, if those exist at their school. This way, the kid can work comfortably at the academic level that is suitable for them, while having a wide range of kids. They can choose older friends or younger friends in a composite class, where the accuracy in choosing the right emotional buddy is higher, not to mention this provides better preparation for real life (how many people do you know whose partners, family members, friends and colleagues were all born in the same year?).

Many parents adopt the approach "They'll grow out of it". My opinion is that if your child struggles, it is best to take action before getting to school, so keep your eyes and ears open when they're little!

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  • aparna

    i dont know why my child cant memory long time he study eveyday 3,4 hours after 2,3 days when i ask his question in course book he forget everything
    he catch it immediately but his mail problem he forget early this is my problem he is very shy cild he cant share his problem i try to be a friendly i dont know whats wrong wih him this is my serous problem if u have solve my problem this is very great ful to u
    sandra

  • http://www.behappyinlife.com/ Ronit Baras

    Hi Sandra,

    Children have different "memories". If your child is auditory, he may not remember the things he reads in a book, so you can try reading to him, or advising him to read aloud. He may also need to move while he learns.

    Use the search box at the top right of the page (under "related posts") to search for "communication styles" and try to determine your child's style. Then, help your child arrange their learning for better results.

    Whatever the outcome, instead of treating it as a "problem", it is better to encourage learning when it happens.

    Good luck,
    Ronit
    Kids Coaching

  • donna

    Hello Ronit,
    i have a dilema of deciding weather my son should repeat prep or go onto grade 1.He has been assesed by an educational physycologist and speach therapists and it is decided that he has speach and language delays and is 1 yr behind the average child in his yr.It has been recommended that repeating dosnt always help children and my belief is that why should he go to grade 1 when he wil not be able to do any of the wrk i felt that would give him lower self esteem and other implications could come into play such as becoming the class clown to compensate for his lack of knowledge.
    It has been put to us that him repeating could have a similar impact on him as his peers will be going up and he will not be. My husband and i cannot agree on a decision as we dnt know wat the best decision is with the least amount of self issues.
    The teachers keep telling us u cannot know what the right outcome is until its done and played out for the yr as a light could switch on for him nxt yr.
    Please help us or guide us with this decision the school has given us 1 wk to make our minds up.
    Regards very confused Donna

  • Jo Smith

    I have a child that is behind in her reception class and I feel exactly the same as Donna why are they putting her in a class, when they know she won't be able to do the work.

    I've been told it's because it's school and government policy and her self asteem will be affected if she's held back a year.
    Surely it will be affected when she can't do the work and is left way behind her peers

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/index.php/about/ Ronit Baras

    HI Donna,

    I feel so bad about seeing your question here and me not answering...
    I know it is a bit late now but this is what I think about repeating a year in school.
    If repeating is advised - prep is the best time to do it or the transition year to high school.
    Some schools change classes every year so kids have new friends anyway so they don't feel behind their peers because they change friends every year.
    Speech problems are developmental so repeating another year and supporting her in that year is a good idea while repeating a year without any extra support will not benefit her.
    I am sure that there is a risk of damaging the self esteem but the question is always which one is going to be worst.

    your teacher is right, there is no "perfect choice". if you keep her one year, it is a risk. if you go to grade 1 you take a risk and the system do not like taking responsibility on that risk.

    I would say, keep her another year in prep only because I learned to trust the parent. If the kid is struggling too much in school and parents feel they can't cope, it means they can't cope.
    Another reason for me to say, keep her in prep one more year is that because it is prep, the risk is smaller.

    Good luck
    Ronit
    Family Matters

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/index.php/about/ Ronit Baras

    HI Jo,

    As I wrote to Donna, keeping kids another year is better in transition years. prep to 1 or if your school starts at year 1 than from 1 to 2 or primary to high school. Academic is not a good reason to do that but only developmental reasons.

    Schools have different philosophies about things but after all , you are taking the full responsibility on your kids schooling because you are going to be with him and support him all they way up.

    look at me, I think that putting up a year because kids are smart is not a good idea. As a special education teacher I will recommend parents to stimulate kids and not jump and what happened to me?

    My son was very smart and started having problems due to low stimulation in prep class. he could read books, Chapter books at age 5 and thought that everyone around was stupid.
    The only option the school gave me was to jump one year level. Now, I tell other people not to do that and I needed to do that. I was not happy at all!

    I dedicated 6 month to check my options. assessments, psychologist and realized that in this rate, giving him extra stimulation, buying him advanced books to work in class, being in a constant connection with the teacher is going to happen every year, every year, every year and I didn't think I could take that risk that every year we will be at the mercy of the teacher so we have decided to jump.

    Still, if you ask me, I would not recommend this to anyone but with the circumstances we had, it was the best choice.

    So, sometimes, it is not what you want but the best option to choose. remember, what the school thinks is one thing but you are the customer and what you think counts!

    Happy parenting
    Ronit
    Family Matters

  • Lindsay

    My son is in grade 4 and will be 10 in July. He is in a composite 3/4. He is emotionally young and has a mild auditory processing problem which affects his listening and completing of tasks. But he is very smart especially in maths. We cannot see him coping with a 5/6 class next year and more so at high school and this is the best year to repeat if we go ahead with it. HELP! He is not that confident now and we worry about his self-esteem if we do this. But in the bigger picture it seems like the right thing to do.others out there with similar age children who can help?

  • http://www.behappyinlife.com/ Gal Baras

    Hi Lindsay,
    For the auditory problem, you may be able to find a solution through a speech therapist. This may also help with the emotional side, as your son's confidence may increase with better processing.
    If you would like some personal advice, please contact us.
    Kind regards,
    Gal

  • http://www.behappyinlife.com Ronit Baras

    Hi Lindsay,

    I would recommend reading some about Auditory kids because many times they are diagnosed with auditory processing problem and nothing is really wrong with them, they just think differently and the way school and class structured is not very good for them.
    Read about auditory kids here:

    http://www.ronitbaras.com/index.php/focus-on-the-family/parenting-family/how-to-stimulate-auditory-kids/

    About repeating a year.

    I personally against repeating a year unless it is done early early and kids need more emotional time. Academically repeating a year is a waste of time - in my opinion.
    Emotional support needs to happen regardless of whether your child stays a year or not. Give him what he needs. If school did not give him that when he was in grade 4 - what makes you think they will give it next year.

    When you say, he will not cope, what do you mean?

    in your case, composite 4/5 could be a better option for him.

    If your kid is auditory - make sure his teacher is not yelling too much because this could shut him totally fro absorbing any information. (oh, do not use angry tone of voice with him at all- this is just not the good strategy with auditory kids)

    As Gal said, if you want a personal advice, write me through the contact us page.

    Happy parenting
    Ronit
    Family Matters

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  • http://stoppayingchildsupport.com lower child support

    interesting article. the system is broken and needs to be fixed.

  • http://www.behappyinlife.com Ronit Baras

    Hi Lower Child Support ,

    Thanks, I am glad you liked it.

    The "System" is all we have. There are wonderful things in this system and we sure need to do our best to improve the parts that not functioning very well.

    Happy parenting
    Ronit

  • Teresa

    Hi Ronit,

    Your words are very supportive. I am thankful that you write in a very simple way a complex issue. I have an autistic child. He was diagnosed when he was 2 years old. Since then, he has had ABA, Speech, OT, and PT. Today, he is 5 years old. He is in a regular Kindergarten 5 days a week and one afternoon. Then, he is in a self contained autism classroom 4 afternoons a week. In relation with the typical peers, he is in the media. Because he will be 6 years on July, school believes that would be good to retain him in a regular Kindergarten with an aid. I believe that the best option would be first grade with an aide and extra support for academics. He is saying that he will be in 1st grade on September. He is very social and look at his classmates for learning. His improvement has been amazing since he shares a regular setting. He reads, do maths, loves music, and gym. Nobody really realizes that he is autistic. Do you think that I am pressing him too much?

    I would like to receive your feedback,
    Thank you very much,
    Teresa

  • Daniel Martin

     Thank you for a great article about how we can fail children by relying on chronological age rather than emotional and social age. We held my son back a year and I am very confident that it was the right decision. Even after being held back a year, my son tends to fall on the less socially developed side of his class. If we had not held him back, he would have been alienated and frustrated with school. I am happy to report that he is well adjusted and a good student.  

  • Mjg

    My son is in 9th grade and we are considering keeping him back. He is the youngest in his class and we feel it will help. What are the potential; difficulties associated with such?

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/ ronitbaras

    Mjg, 

    It is good to ask the child about what he thinks. 
    I had a client that her daughter went to a private school and suffered so much. She had so many problems, it was not funny. My suggestion was to find her another school that will be better for the girls's skills and interests. At first the parents did not like the idea. At one stage, a month before the end of year, they  took her out of school. she was home for a month, and the mother said the the whole house changed for the better. During that time the girl went to audition for a school that said she must do year 10 again. Her parents were worried but the girl was so happy she said she rather do year 10 again. 
    She is the happiest girl in the world. NO problems, parents happy, girl happy, family happy. 

    Talk to the kid
    The best reason to repeat a year is not academic but social and emotional. schooling needs to be smooth, not easy, but not hard. If the child is suffering, do something. 
    Some kids consider repeating a year as a failure, a shame, in this case, it is dangerous to repeat a year. 

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/ ronitbaras

    Thank you Daniel for sharing your story.

    Some kids need more time. It is important not to make them think that the time they need is an indication something is wrong with them. Nothing is wrong with them and everything is wrong with a society that has an "autistic" approach to development. 

  • Nadia

    Dear Ronit, i am so confused in regards my son who is in grade 1 in melbourne australia, in a public state school. He is will be 7 years old in Dec 2011 and is currently in a compisit class of grade 1 and 2. Him being in grade 1. He has been receiving additional help with his readind throughout the year and was rescently picked up for reading recovery in term 3. He has been showing improvement whilst being on RR but my husband and I were told by his teacher that he is 12months behind. I have gone to a behavioral optomitrist in whih i had his eyes checked and he did not need glasses. he also had a further assesment with the behavioral optomitrist looking into his auditory processing, which indicated he was below average in some areas.  Since starting prep he has always been under the bench marks, he had a tough year in prep emotionally and was crying from start to finish with some happy momments in their aswell but i immidiately became concerned. He is now in grade 1 and emotionaly he is very happy however i can see how is getting better acedamicly but he is still under the bench marks. I approached his teacher in regards to him repeating grade 1 as he will start the year being 7 years old, but i am so afraid what it will do to him emotionally. I am really confused. Please what can i do?

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/ ronitbaras

    Power to parents! 

  • Davette_quinones

    I am in need of help!  I have read so many articles that say retaining a child is negative.  My son just turned 16 in October and is a junior in high school.  He has never had problems academically as he is taking all AP classes and making good grades.  The problem he is having is maturity wise and I feel so bad as a parent that I allowed him to start school early.  I have spoken to counselors at his school and they all feel he is mature, but my son says himself he feels overwhelmed and is feels it is best he repeats the 11th grade.  He has become withdrawn and feels know one understands him.  I want to do what is best for my child, but I don't want retaining him to mess up his chances of getting into college.  If he is retained do to maturity and not academics would this cause him not to get into a good college?  Please help I don't know what else to do.  I want my son to be happy and not miserable like he is right now.  My son is set to graduate from high school in 2013 and honestly I don't see him making it on his own.  He is not ready for the world.  Thank you for your time.

  • Eric Kwon

    Hi, my son repeated 2 times in school just now ,but the first one was because of my company in korea, he got good grades and passed the 1st grade but when we moved to the United States we decided to make repeat the 1st grade, but after in 5th grade we repeated him again because we wanted him to review the lessons again for a year,he could have pass the grade but instead we let him repeat, right now my son is in Brazil with my wife , she told  me that Eric had to repeat again , I was very dissapointed to hear this situation, my son called me the other night that he didn't know what his future was going to be from now, he has really wanted to be a great basketball player , he said he wanted to come back to LA but the problem was people in the airplane company said he can come to LA but he can't enter the outside area , my son told me we ruined his life and he just wanted to give up on his life , he told me he was going to be laughed at by other kids because he is going to be 15 years old when he is in 7th grade and will be 16 when he is in 8th grade , now I really don't know what to do for my son, I want to find out if he can enter the USA this month so he dosen't have to repeat the 7th grade again, he said he just dosen't want to be anything anymore because of me and my wife, he also said he won't be accepted in any colleges that he has wanted to go to now because he will be reapeating 3 times , If you guys have any advices please tell me fast , because I just want my son to be happy in life and not give up on his future ... thank you

  • Sharon Kimber

    I am in need of advice.  My 6 year old son (born 20.05.2005) attended a Language Development Centre in WA for PP and Year 1 as he'd been identified as having a serious language development delay.  However, half way through Year 1 his teacher requested that he undergo an IQ test as he was not progressing at the rate she felt he should be attaining.
    The subsequent result has shown that he is 'Borderline Mentally Disabled' (a horrid label) and they therefore decided to exit him from the Centre at the end of the year as they felt he would not benefit from continuiing there.
    However, his scores preclude him from going to an Educational Support Centre and he therefore has to attend a mainstream school.
    Despite my request for him to repeat Year 1 this year, the Principal stated that there is no benefit for him to repeat the year. 
    I strongly feel that he is not emotionally mature enough to cope in Year 2 where he already has difficulties and no has to cope in an environment where he is the youngest too.
    What would you advise?

  • Terri

    Look into private tutoring or if there is a processing difficulty such organizations as "Brain Works" or "Brain Balance" here in the States.  He should be able to catch up with outside help.

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/ ronitbaras

    I would listen to your son. 
    If his reasons are genuine ( doesn't want to stay with some friends or something like that) I would follow him. 
    Kids will do lots to avoid it but if they want to, go for it!  

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/ ronitbaras

    I think it is better not repeat so many years. 
    His happiness is much more important. 

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/ ronitbaras

    Sharon, 

    I would stay away from schools that does IQ test!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
    I studied special education 25 years ago. My teachers who were experts back then told us to stay away from the IQ tests and never,never,never,never use them or jump into conclusion reading the results. 
    When I moved to Australia, 10 years ago, someone told me, Ronit, Australia is 20 years behind in Education. I said " no way, come on, what are you talking about? this is a modern place, modern place with technology. you must be exaggerating" 
    My first project was working with dyslexic kids . I worked for a very well known centre and when they gave me the kids, they gave me their IQ test. 
    I was shocked!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
    How on earth an IQ test help me in learning about the child's problem? 
    The owner of the centre said to me "Ronit, Welcome to Australia!" 
     
    Every child can be taught and progress, even if he does have an organic problem. 
    1. I would take my child far away from this school. 
    2. I would remind the new school that it is your choice to keep him one more year behind. ( you need to live with the consequences of your choice) 
    3. find a special education teacher in your area that works on emotional intelligence and get your son to work on his EQ
    4. find a school that focuses on other areas than academic: sport, art, music, science...   

    The system is disabled, do not let it blame you or your son for its disability to cater for different needs. 
    Truly, sometimes I think that they forgot what their job is. 
    Maybe educators should go through an oath -much like doctors. 

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/ ronitbaras

    I think being 16 in grade 8 is not appropriate. 
    Maybe the school system is not the right place for him. 
    There are many other alternatives to school.

  • http://www.ronitbaras.com/ ronitbaras

    Nadia, 
    so sorry it took me time to reply. 
    The year in Melbourne started this week. 
    I think being 7 in year 1 is not that much of a problem. 
    In my kids' school the difference between the youngest one to the oldest is 2 years so it should not be an issue at all. 
    If repeating will help him emotionally, go for it. ! 
    If it will help him academically ( because he hears everything the second time) that's a bonus! 

    In your case, I would repeat the year. 
    Make sure though there is no learning difficulty as this will stay an obstacle even if he repeats the year. 

Ronit Baras

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